4 Forms Of Winter Precipitation
Winter is near and it’s important that we know the difference
between some of the forms of Precipitation we may encounter.
With the wintery weather at hand, I thought I would
explain the difference between the different forms
of precipitation we experience and also let you
see what it is like in the “Show Me” state of
Missouri right now.
Many times we will see rain, then freezing rain,
Maybe sleet, and possibly snow all on the same day.
What is the difference in all of this precipation?
SLEET – Sleet is frozen precipitation that falls as ice
pellets that you may see bouncing off your windshield,
roof or the ground. Depending on the intensity and duration,
sleet can accumulate much like you see with snow. Sleet
is pellets of ice that form when snow falls into a warm layer
and melts into rain. The rain then falls into a freezing layer
of air that is deep enough to refreeze the raindrops into pellets.
Sometimes the snow does not completely melt and the partially
melted snowflakes refreeze into snow pellets
FREEZING RAIN – Freezing rain falls just like normal rain
only it freezes on contact with roads, trees, power lines and
other structures since temperatures are 32 degrees or below
at the surface. Even light accumulations may cause dangerous
travel while heavier amounts can be damaging. Freezing rain
occurs when snow falls into a warm layer and melts, but the
freezing layer is very shallow, so the liquid water falls onto
surfaces that are below freezing and solidifies, resulting in
an even coating of ice on streets, trees, cars, and power lines.
SNOW – Snow is an aggregate of ice crystals that form into
flakes. Snow forms at temperatures below freezing. For
snow to reach the earth’s surface the entire temperature
profile in the troposphere needs to be at or below freezing.
It can be slightly above freezing in some layers if the layer
is not warm or deep enough the melt the snow flakes much.
The intensity of snow is determined by the accumulation over
a given time. Categories of snow are light, moderate and heavy.
HAIL – Hailstones are large chunks of ice that fall from large
thunderstorms. They are highly damaging to crops, easily
earning the nickname “the white plague”. Violent
thunderstorms have very strong updrafts that are strong
enough to hold ice aloft against the pull of gravity. The
opaque layers are created when the hail is in the colder
section of the cloud, or gets caught in the downdrafts,
and the super-cooled droplets freeze onto the hail so
quickly tiny air bubbles get trapped, causing the ice to
look milky. When the hail falls into the warmer portion
of the cloud, or into the warm updrafts, the super-cooled
droplets freeze slowly enough that the tiny air bubbles
have time to escape before the water freezes, resulting
in a sheet of clear ice. Hail can range in size from the
diameter of a pea to larger than a grapefruit.
Be prepared for the winter precipitation. Check with
your local Highway Department for road conditions
before taking a trip.
Above all…BE SAFE!
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Sherry Starnes
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Not much snow in the Bootheel of Missouri but plenty of ice.